Primary school music teachers feel ill-equipped and insecure due to a lack of formal training and a squeeze on music budgets, according to a new report from the Institute of Education, University of London. Research carried out between September 2007 and July 2008 across 22 local authorities reveals that 42% of responding teachers had received no training in music at all during their teacher training, and that 85% percent had received no additional specialist training in music since qualifying. The standards for teacher training mention music only as part of the performing arts, which means it is possible for teachers to have no direct experience of teaching music. Fifteen per cent of teachers reported that their school had no budget for music at all, with a third saying that their annual music budget was less than £400. Eleven per cent indicated that music was typically sidelined when they were under pressure.